Autophagy gene activity may act as a key factor for sensitivity of tumor cells to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus

Background: Beclin1 is an important, primary molecule for autophagy. Objectives: It is suggested that the control of the autophagy path increases the sensitivity of tumor cells to VSV. Materials and Methods: In this study, the degree of Beclin1 gene expression in two cell lines, HeLa and A549, has been examined and the percentage of living cells subsequent infection with virus has been evaluated by MTT assay method. Results: The results showed that the degree of Beclin1 gene expression in HeLa cells in comparison with A549 cells has reduced, and the sensitivity of these cells to vesicular stomatits virus (VSV) oncolysis is more than A549. Conclusions: It seems that by using some methods for reducing autophagy, it is possible to make tumor cells more sensitive to virotherapy and even other treatments. © 2016, Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention

Reactive power control in micro-grid networks using adaptive control

Purpose. Despite their economic and environmental benefits, distributed products in power systems have caused problems in power systems. One of the most important issues in this regard is voltage fluctuations and frequencies in Micro-grids, which depends on several factors, such as variable consumption load and errors in powersystems. One of the main challenges associated with the use of Micro-grids is power management among distributed generation sources. Power management plays a pivotal role in numerous Micro-grids and may ensure the stable and improved performance of Micro-grids in the permanent status of the system. The present study aimed to examine the power control in Micro-grids by proposing an adaptive control method along with the PID controller for power management and coordination in Micro-grids. This coordination system operates between production sources and controlling the voltage and frequency levels against the possible disturbances occurring anywhere in the system loop. The results of the simulation of the proposed algorithm in MATLAB software environment exhibited a high success rate (i.e., proper response to the fluctuations in the Micro-grid) and extremely low error rate (i.e., proper reactive power in the grid).Цель. Несмотря на их экономические и экологические преимущества, распределенные продукты в энергосистемах приводят к возникновению проблем в последних. Одним из наиболее важных вопросов в этой связи являются колебания напряжения и частоты в микросетях, которые зависят от нескольких факторов, таких как переменная нагрузка потребления и ошибки в энергосистемах. Одной из основных проблем, связанных с использованием микросетей, является энерго-менеджмент источников распределенной генерации. Энерго-менеджмент играет ключевую роль во многих микросетях и может обеспечить стабильную и улучшенную работу микросетей при постоянном состоянии системы. Настоящее исследование направлено на исследование энерго-менеджмента в микросетях путем предложения адаптивного метода управления вместе с ПИД-контроллером для энерго-менеджмента и координации в микросетях. Эта система координации функционирует между источниками производимой энергии и контролирует уровни напряжения и частоты в отношении возможных помех, возникающих в любом месте контура системы. Результаты моделирования предложенного алгоритма в программной среде MATLAB показали высокую степень успеха(то есть правильную реакцию на колебания в микросети) и чрезвычайно низкую частоту ошибок(то есть надлежащую реактивную мощность в сети)

REACTIVE POWER CONTROL IN MICRO-GRID NETWORKS USING ADAPTIVE CONTROL

Purpose. Despite their economic and environmental benefits, distributed products in power systems have caused problems in power systems. One of the most important issues in this regard is voltage fluctuations and frequencies in Micro-grids, which depends on several factors, such as variable consumption load and errors in power systems. One of the main challenges associated with the use of Micro-grids is power management among distributed generation sources. Power management plays a pivotal role in numerous Micro-grids and may ensure the stable and improved performance of Micro-grids in the permanent status of the system. The present study aimed to examine the power control in Micro-grids by proposing an adaptive control method along with the PID controller for power management and coordination in Micro-grids. This coordination system operates between production sources and controlling the voltage and frequency levels against the possible disturbances occurring anywhere in the system loop. The results of the simulation of the proposed algorithm in MATLAB software environment exhibited a high success rate (i.e., proper response to the fluctuations in the Micro-grid) and extremely low error rate (i.e., proper reactive power in the grid).Цель. Несмотря на их экономические и экологические преимущества, распределенные продукты в энергосистемах приводят к возникновению проблем в последних. Одним из наиболее важных вопросов в этой связи являются колебания напряжения и частоты в микросетях, которые зависят от нескольких факторов, таких как переменная нагрузка потребления и ошибки в энергосистемах. Одной из основных проблем, связанных с использованием микросетей, является энергоменеджмент источников распределенной генерации. Энергоменеджмент играет ключевую роль во многих микросетях и может обеспечить стабильную и улучшенную работу микросетей при постоянном состоянии системы. Настоящее исследование направлено на исследование энергоменеджмента в микросетях путем предложения адаптивного метода управления вместе с ПИД-контроллером для энергоменеджмента и координации в микросетях. Эта система координации функционирует между источниками производимой  энергии и контролирует уровни напряжения и частоты в отношении возможных помех, возникающих в любом месте контура системы. Результаты моделирования предложенного алгоритма в программной среде MATLAB показали высокую степень успеха (то есть правильную реакцию на колебания в микросети) и чрезвычайно низкую частоту ошибок (то есть надлежащую реактивную мощность в сети)

Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Materials with Potential Application in Preprosthetic Surgery

Current methods in handling maxillofacial defects are not robust and are highly dependent on the surgeon’s skills and the inherent potential in the patients’ bodies for regenerating lost tissues. Employing custom-designed 3D printed scaffolds that securely and effectively reconstruct the defects by using tissue engineering and regenerative medicine techniques can revolutionize preprosthetic surgeries. Various polymers, ceramics, natural and synthetic bioplastics, proteins, biomolecules, living cells, and growth factors as well as their hybrid structures can be used in 3D printing of scaffolds, which are still under development by scientists. These scaffolds not only are beneficial due to their patient-specific design, but also may be able to prevent micromobility, make tension free soft tissue closure, and improve vascularity. In this manuscript, a review of materials employed in 3D bioprinting including bioceramics, biopolymers, composites, and metals is conducted. A discussion of the relevance of 3D bioprinting using these materials for craniofacial interventions is included as well as their potential to create analogs to craniofacial tissues, their benefits, limitations, and their application

Mit Dampf zu gesundem Saatgut

Mit Dampf zu gesundem Gemüsesaatgut? Werner E. Heller und Elisabeth Razavi, Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil ACW, 8820 Wädenswil Für das Gelingen jeder Gemüsekultur ist die Gesundheit des Saatgutes von ausschlaggebender Bedeutung. Unter Gesundheit wird eine hohe biologische Qualität, das heisst eine gute Keimfähigkeit und Triebkraft, zusätzlich aber auch die Freiheit von Krankheitserregern verstanden. Es ist aber hinlänglich belegt, dass viele Krankheitserreger von Gemüsekulturen mit dem Saatgut übertragen werden können und dass kontaminiertes Saatgut auf dem Markt angeboten wird. Durch eine Desinfektion mit belüftetem Dampf während einer relativ kurzen Zeitspanne kann beim Saatgut vieler Gemüsearten eine signifikante Reduktion des Kontaminationsgrades mit pathogenen Keimen erreicht werden, ohne dass die Keimfähigkeit wesentlich beeinflusst wird. Wegen der kurzen Behandlungszeit dringt nur wenig Wasser in die Samenkörner ein, was zu einem nur kurzen Nachtrocknungsprozess mit relativ geringen Enegiekosten führt

A Current Overview of Materials and Strategies for Potential Use in Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration

Tissue regeneration is rapidly evolving to treat anomalies in the entire human body. The production of biodegradable, customizable scaffolds to achieve this clinical aim is dependent on the interdisciplinary collaboration among clinicians, bioengineers and materials scientists. While bone grafts and varying reconstructive procedures have been traditionally used for maxillofacial defects, the goal of this review is to provide insight on all materials involved in the progressing utilization of the tissue engineering approach to yield successful treatment outcomes for both hard and soft tissues. In vitro and in vivo studies that have demonstrated the restoration of bone and cartilage tissue with different scaffold material types, stem cells and growth factors show promise in regenerative treatment interventions for maxillofacial defects. The repair of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc and mandibular bone were discussed extensively in the report, supported by evidence of regeneration of the same tissue types in different medical capacities. Furthermore, in addition to the thorough explanation of polymeric, ceramic, and composite scaffolds, this review includes the application of biodegradable metallic scaffolds for regeneration of hard tissue. The purpose of compiling all the relevant information in this review is to lay the foundation for future investigation in materials used in scaffold synthesis in the realm of oral and maxillofacial surgery